英国社会(三)

英国社会I.  Health and Social Services  全国医疗保健II. Social Security  社会保险III. Religion  宗教IV. Festival and Public Holidays  节假日

英国社会之宗教

III. Religion宗教
1.Everyone in Britain has the right to religious freedom without interference from the community or the State.在英国，人人都有信仰宗教的权利，社会和政府不得干涉。

He may change his religion at will may manifest（证明） his faith in teaching, worship and observance.他可以随意改变宗教信仰，可以在教职，礼拜或仪式中表明他的信仰。

Except that the Lord Chancellor maybe a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churches or none.
除了英国大法官可以是罗马天主教徒外，公共职务对各种信仰或没有信仰的人一律公开。
2. Established churches国教
There are two established church in Britain: in England the church of England and Scotland the Church of Scotland.英国有两大国教，在英格兰是英格兰国教，苏格兰是苏格兰教会（长老教）。
3. Church of England is uniquely related to the Crown in that the Sovereign must be a member of that Church and as "Defender of the Faith". 英格兰国教与君主有独特的联系。因为君主作为"国教的捍卫者"必须是此教会的一员，他在登基时必须承诺维持国教。
The Church is also linked with the State through the House of loads. The church of England is not free to change its form of worship, as laid down（规定） in the Book of Common Prayer without the consent of Parliament.国教还通过上议院与政府联系。没有议会同意，英格兰教会不可随意改变"国教祈祷书"中规定的礼拜仪式。
4. The government of the Church of Scotland is Presbyterian（长老制）, that is,government by ministers and elders, all of whom are ordained to（被任命） office. The Monarch is normally represented at the general assembly by the Lord High Commissioner.苏格兰教的管理是长老制，也就是由教士和长老治理。他们被授予圣职，王室高级代表通常代表君主光临会议。
5. Unestablished churches非国教教会
There are include: the Anglican Churches，the Free Churches，the Roman Catholic Church.主要有圣公会，自由教，罗马天主教。

本文为节选，来源：沪江网

生词汇 manifest（证明）laid down（规定）Presbyterian（长老制） be ordained to（被任命）

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